You’ve got that right… Flying ants!

Yes, ants can fly. At least some of them can, under certain circumstances and at certain times of the year. But to get into how and why and when that happens, you’ll need to know a little bit more about how ants operate.

Flying ants are swarmers. ‘Swarming’ is the act of flying out of the nest to mate. These reproductive ants take to the skies to mate during the spring and summer months in a period known as ‘flying ant season’. Each ant colony ‘swarms’ once a year. Don’t worry, flying ants are harmless. 

You may have read some news articles about Flying Ants in Vancouver, but don’t be alarmed, they are harmless. Now, let’s take a closer look a these insects to find out what exactly flying ants are all about.

What are flying ants?

Winged ants, flying ant

A “flying ant” is not its own species. Flying ants are a type of ant, both male and female reproductives, that serves a single function to extend the life of their colony. 

These swarming insects are in their prime reproductive stage, ready to take flight and begin a new colony elsewhere. But why leave their colony to mate? It is suggested that genetic mixing helps a species remain strong and better able to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

Just like people in our communities, ants come in different sizes and serve different purposes within a colony. There are queens, foragers, workers and swarmers. Swarmers are the winged ants within a colony. All types of ants in BC including carpenter antspavement ants and moisture ants contain swarmers within their colony. Many common ant species are capable of flying.

Although it may not immediately seem obvious, ants are closely related to wasps. Both belong to the order Hymenoptera, which is Greek for membranous wing. And when ants grow wings, they much more closely resemble their wasp cousins.

Why are there flying ants in Vancouver?

“We’ve got the ants with the wings!!”

Vancouver, like every other city, has ants. And ants need to mate in order to reproduce and exist. These flying ‘reproductive’ ants typically emerge in the late spring and summer months to take to the skies to mate, in a phenomenon known as ‘flying ant day’. And don’t worry, they are harmless to humans.

FAQs about Flying Ants in Vancouver

What are ‘ant swarms’?

An ‘ant swarm’ is a collection of the reproductive males and females only (reproductives are the only ants with wings in a colony).

‘Swarming’ is the act of flying out of the nest to mate.

Winged reproductive ants typically swarm in the late spring, early summer but have been known to emerge any time of the year in heated structures.

After emergence, the ants mate and the male drops dead, while the queens burrow into the soil to establish new nests and begin laying more eggs. This act of mating is often referred to as the Nuptial flight.

Winged pavement ants emerging from crack in concrete
In late spring and early summer, you often see winged ants, also called alates, which emerge from their which emerge from their nests © Clint Budd via Flickr

Why do ants fly?

The reason winged ants fly – and the whole reason they exist in the first place – is for reproduction. Ordinarily, in an ant colony, regular workers are sterile, and only the Queen can reproduce. However, flying ants are also reproductive, and unlike most ants, they come in both male and female.

When these flying ants swarm, it’s called a nuptial flight. The female ants will fly as high and as fast as they can, with the male ants chasing them. This ensures that only the strongest and fittest male ants reach the females and mate with them. The ants mate in the air, and the males die shortly afterward. Meanwhile, the females fly off to start new nests of their own and become queens.

When a female ant establishes a new nest, she will lose her wings. To raise her first brood of offspring, she will reabsorb the muscles that powered her wings until her offspring are old enough to feed her. On the backs of larger ants such as Carpenter ants, it’s possible to still see the scars where a queen ant once had wings.

It doesn’t help that ants aren’t particularly good at flying. Unlike wasps, ants are clumsy in flight and prone to crashing into things and people, making them a big nuisance.

Video: Crazy amounts of swarming ants outside on a front lawn in Vancouver

Why do I suddenly have flying ants?

You might suddenly see flying ants because it’s swarming season. Every type of ant has reproductive swarmers (or winged ants) in it’s colony and every ant colony “swarms” once a year. When insects produce a swarm, also known as a reproductive flight, it is part of the seasonal activity of certain social insects, most importantly termites and ants. Winged ants can be carpenter ants, pavement ants, moisture ants, cornfield ants etc.

Are there flying ants in BC?

Yes, there are flying ants in BC. Every type of ant has reproductive swarmers (or winged ants) in it’s colony. Winged ants can be carpenter ants, pavement ants, moisture ants, or cornfield ants. When you see flying ants, you know it’s mating season.

Every year in spring and summer, a strange thing happens. A new type of flying creature takes to the air, often in huge numbers. These bugs seem to come out of nowhere, and often disappear as quickly as they came.

Should I worry about flying ants?

Luckily, there is nothing to worry about with flying ants. They are not dangerous to humans. Swarms of winged ants are here for one single purpose, to take to the skies to make love, known as the ‘nuptial flight’.

What are these flying ants in my house?

When large numbers of winged insects suddenly appear in the home, it may be the result of an insect mating swarm. Spotting winged swarmers indicates that you potentially have a nest indoors, likely located in a wall void, or underneath the floorboards.

As we know carpenter ants have winged reproductives in their colony, so it’s important to get it investigated right away to determine if you do indeed have carpenter ants. Give us a call to set up a free onsite visit.

Can flying ants damage your home?

Flying ants themselves are harmless and don’t cause structural damage to your home. However, the rest of the worker ants in the colony might cause you trouble.

As we know, flying ants can either be pavement ants, or carpenter ants. Carpenter ants are a real menace. These wood-boring insects dig tunnels into timber framing in order to build nests. So while flying ants themselves will cause too much harm, their workers colleagues will!

With pavement ants, the same is mostly true. While the swarmers won’t cause damage, it’s the indirect damage that you should be concerned with.

If you have an infestation deep underground, which cannot be reached using standard ant control techniques, then it could require excavation work to locate and get rid of the colony. That means digging up your driveway or paths to get at the colonies under the concrete. This is your worst case scenario.

Video: Winged ants emerging from the nests located deep underneath this slab of concrete

How long do flying ants stay around?

Flying ants only live up to a couple of days after flying ant day. Queen ants can live up to 15 years, but don’t spend all of that time as winged ants. Unfortunately for the male ant, the nuptial flights ask as his final swan song. Once the ants mate in the air, the males die shortly afterward, and the lucky females get to fly off to start new nests of their own and become queens.

When a female ant establishes a new nest, she will lose her wings. To raise her first brood of offspring, she will reabsorb the muscles that powered her wings until her offspring are old enough to feed her

What is the difference between flying ants and carpenter ants?

A common misconception about ants is that winged ants are a species separate from all other ants. Every type of ant has reproductive swarmers (or winged ants) in it’s colony and every ant colony “swarms” once a year. Winged ants can be carpenter ants, pavement ants, moisture ants, cornfield ants etc.

An ant swarm is a collection of the reproductive males and females only (reproductives are the only ants with wings in a colony). After mating, the males drop dead and the females fly on to try and establish new colonies.

What is flying ant day?

Flying Ant Day happens when conditions are perfect for a nuptial flight, so every ant colony in the area will swarm on the same day. A recent study found that Swarming is triggered by the weather that ants only flew on days when it was warm, not windy and conditions had improved compared to the previous day.

This can result in thousands of ants taking to the sky and making a nuisance of themselves. Often, summer events like the Wimbledon tennis championship can be interrupted by swarms of ants that can cover miles. 

Video: Suzanne Ryder, Museum Scientist at the National History Museum, explains the phenomenon of flying ant day.

Flying Ants vs Winged termites

Ants and termites aren’t closely related in the way that ants and wasps are, but fulfilling a similar ecological niche means that there are similarities between the two different species. Like ants, termites swarm to reproduce, which can cause confusion about whether it’s ants or termites you’re dealing with. 

In BC, a native species of termite known as the subterranean termite swarms in spring, around April or May, which is around the time Carpenter ants also swarm. Termite swarmers, or alates, have dark brown or black bodies and transparent wings, which can make them look superficially like carpenter ants.

Winged insect - ant swarmer

However, look closely and you’ll see the differences. Ants have a large forewing and a smaller hind wing, while termite wings are approximately the same size and shape. Also, ants have a narrow waist between the thorax and abdomen like wasps do, whereas termites have a wider waist and less distinction between body segments.

See related: How to get rid of termites

How to get rid of flying ants

Flying ants are hard to get rid of because by the time you see them, it’s already almost too late.  If you’re getting large numbers of flying ants inside the house, you can try vacuuming them up and disposing of the bag outside.

Flying ants are attracted to light and will often congregate inside window sills. Spraying them with bug spray isn’t super effective, because while it will kill the individual ants, more will simply emerge to replace them. 

News Coverage about flying ants in Vancouver

Westside Pest Control owner Mike Londry speaking with Vancouver Sun about flying ants in Vancouver

Vancouver is Awesome – Flying Ant Day: Metro Vancouver residents mark the start of ‘winged season’

The Weather Network – Why are flying ants swarming

Vancouver Is Awesome – Flying Ant Day’: Metro Vancouver marks the start of ‘winged season

DailyHive – Flying ant day

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